Politeness strategies and politeness principles used by main characters in Onward movie

Salsabila, Zulfa (2022) Politeness strategies and politeness principles used by main characters in Onward movie. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Politeness is needed by humans in communicating with others in order to maintain social relationships. By maximizing polite speech when communicating, conversation participants can maintain their self-image and avoid conflict. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the various politeness strategies and politeness principles used by main characters, namely, Ian and Barley in the animated movie entitled Onward. This research used descriptive qualitative method with data collection using document techniques. Theory used in this research is the theory of Brown and Levinson (1987) on politeness strategies and the theory of Geoffrey Leech (1983) on politeness principles. Based on the results of data analysis, there are 58 data which adhere to politeness strategies and politeness principles including bald-on record (7 data), positive politeness (33 data), negative politeness (11 data) and off-record (7 data). Meanwhile, 58 data that comply with the politeness principles are, tact maxim (16 data), approbation maxim maxim (14 data), agreement maxim (10 data), generosity maxim (7 data), modesty maxim (6 data) dan sympathy maxim (5 data). In conclusion, the type of strategy mostly used by the main characters was positive politeness because as brothers they want to show intimacy with each other. They also use it when talking to people around them. Meanwhile, the tact maxim was used the most by Ian and Barley. This was because in Onward movie it is told that Ian and Barley are on an adventure to find the phoenix gemstone so they can meet their father. Therefore, by providing more benefits and reducing costs to the interlocutor, they can maintain their social relationship during the adventure.

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