The hegemony and its counter in Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Khaled Hosseini's The Kite Runner

Firdaus, Alfi Muhammad (2021) The hegemony and its counter in Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Khaled Hosseini's The Kite Runner. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain and The Kite Runner written by Khaled Hosseini have similarities in describing hegemony and counter hegemony. The term of “hegemony” is related to a domination of dominant group towards subordinate group through an agreement. Besides that, hegemony can also include physical violence to strengthen the domination. Meanwhile the term “counter hegemony” means that there are also some resistances against the hegemony. These two novels will be analyzed by comparative literature theory by Susan Basnett and Antoni Gramsci’s theory about hegemony. Focus of this research is how the writers describe hegemony and counter hegemony in social environment through literary work. This research aims to describe hegemony from dominant group to subordinate group in several kinds such as culture, ideology, intellectual and moral leadership, and state. Besides that, this research also describes about counter hegemony through several resistances, such as active, passive, and humanistic resistance. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method which describes and explains the findings in this research. Then, the research uses two novels as a primary source of data. Besides that, there is also other information or news as a secondary source of data. The researcher also uses a technique of collecting data by recording useful data from two novels. And then, the technique of analysis data is appropriated with the comparative literature analysis. The result of this research is there are similarities in both two novels The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Kite Runner because these two novels reflect a condition of hegemony and counter hegemony in a particular time and period. The phenomena portrayed in these two novels is hegemony in culture, ideology, and intellectual and moral leadership. And to resist this hegemony, the writers show a passive and humanistic resistance. Meanwhile the difference of hegemony is in the background of state from two novels. And the difference of counter hegemony is in the active resistance portrayed only in novel The Kite Runner.

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