The theme of love and the figures of speech in William Shakespeare`s sonnets

Miftamawati, Femmi (2007) The theme of love and the figures of speech in William Shakespeare`s sonnets. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Every literary work has both form and content. This happens as well to the genre of poetry, which comprises various forms of poems. Among these forms, sonnet is a unique, distinguished, and the most well-known poem. Sonnet is a poem containing fourteen lines, arranged in iambic pentameter. Of all poets known to write many sonnets, William Shakespeare was the most outstanding. Discussing Shakespeare`s sonnets, people cannot avoid talking as well their themes. As a matter of fact, most of Shakespeare`s sonnets contain the experience of love that influences the life of human beings. Commonly, Shakespeare`s sonnets express the theme of love through the figures of speech. The use of such figures of speech aims at making clear the expressions and adding beauty into the poem. Based on this consideration, the problem of this research focuses on two questions: (1) how does love influence Shakespeare`s sonnets, and (2) what figures of speech are used in the theme of love in Shakespeare`s sonnets. Descriptive qualitative method is the method used in this research in which the researcher describes and identifies the theme of love and kinds of figures of speech in the sonnet`s poem. Then, the data are taken that this research focuses on Shakespeare`s sonnets. The data are analyzed used to answer the first and the second questions based on commentaries by Bob Byway`s Theory. One of the theories is figures of speech constitutes a mode of expression in which words used out of their literal meaning or out of their ordinary use in order to add beauty or emotional intensity. The results of the analysis, therefore, are found that Shakespeare`s sonnets represent the influences of love, which is expressed in various tendencies. In some lines, love drives people to miss or hope for something. In some others, love lead people to be aware of life values, to be proud, and to praise beauty. Then, in enforcing the theme of love, Shakespeare`s sonnets use thirty eight kinds of figures of speech. They are simile, assonance, polysyndeton, antithesis, polyptoton, oxymoron, personification, synecdoche, alliteration, anadiplosis, anaphora, anastrophe, antimetabole, aposiopesis, asyndeton, chiasmus, ellipsis, epanalepsis, hypallage, parallelism, pun, allusion, antanaclasis, anthropomorphism, auxesis, hyperbole, hysteron proteron, irony, litotes, meiosis, metaphor, metonymy, paradox, paronomasia, periphrasis, syllepsis, synecdoche, and zeugma. In contrast, other fourteen figures of speech are not found in the sonnets.

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