Tingkat ploidi pada lili (lilium sp.) hasil kultur antera melalui penghitungan jumlah kloroplas dan kromosom

Istiqomah, Nisa (2016) Tingkat ploidi pada lili (lilium sp.) hasil kultur antera melalui penghitungan jumlah kloroplas dan kromosom. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA Lili (Lilium sp.) termasuk famili Liliaceae, merupakan tanaman hias yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi karena permintaan konsumen terus meningkat. Peningkatan permintaan perlu dibarengi dengan kualitas tanaman yang baik, salah satu aspek kualitas yang penting adalah bibit yang seragam. Permintaan varietas tanaman yang seragam menuntut pengembangan hibrida F1. Perakitan tanaman hibrida dapat dihasilkan melalui pembentukan tanaman haploid. Salah satu metode untuk memproduksi tanaman haploid adalah dengan kultur antera. Pengecekan tanaman hasil kultur antera dapat dilakukan dengan penghitungan jumlah kloroplas dan jumlah kromosom. Namun untuk lili belum diperoleh informasi mengenai korelasi antara jumlah kloroplas pada sel penjaga stomata dengan jumlah kromosom. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatahui korelasi antara jumlah kloroplas dengan jumlah kromosom serta mengetahui tingkat ploidi pada regeneran lili hasil kultur antera. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias (BALITHI) Cianjur dari Januari – Juni 2016. Terdapat lima nomor lili yang diuji tingkat ploidinya. Setiap nomor terdiri dari empat ulangan, setiap ulangan ada 4 botol dan masing- masing botol terdiri dari tiga planlet. Metode analisis yang digunakan statistik sederhana rata-rata dan standar eror dan dikorelasikan. Pengamatan jumlah kloroplas dilakukan menggunakan epidermis daun muda planlet lili hasil kultur antera. Kloroplas diamati dengan mikroskop pada lensa pembesaran 40x. Penghitungan kromosom dilakukan menggunakan modifikasi metode Winarto (2009) dengan pewarnaan kromosom pada ujung akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, planlet haploid terbanyak ditemukan pada nomor 2015.1.1 kelompok Longiflorum dengan jumlah 26,67% sedangkan planlet haploid yang jumlahnya paling sedikit ditemukan pada nomor 2015.S2.3 kelompok Oriental dengan (11,11%). Metode kultur antera dapat menghasilkan planlet haploid namun pada Lilium sp. persentase keberhasilannya masih rendah. Tidak diperoleh korelasi antara jumlah kloroplas dan kromosom. Namun, penelitian lebih lanjut terkait tingkat ploidi tanaman lili dan pengujian jumlah kromosom dengan menggunakan flowcytometer perlu dilakukan. ENGLISH Lily (Lilium sp.), Liliaceae family, is an ornamental plant that has a high economic value as consumer demand continues to rise. Increasing demand corresponds with the quality aspect of the seeds and one of the importance quality aspect is uniformity. The Demand of uniform crop varieties requires the development of F1 hybrids. Development of hybrid plants can be generated through the formation of haploid plants. One of the method for producing haploid plants is by anther culture. Evaluation the result of anther culture can be done by counting the number of chloroplasts and chromosomes of the regenerant. However, in lilies yet obtained information on the correlation between the numbers of chloroplasts in stomatal guard cells with chromosome numbers. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to identify the correlation between the numbers of chloroplast and chromosome and determine the level of ploidy in the regenerants of lily from anther culture. This research was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI), Cianjur from Januari to June 2016. There were five numbers of lilies regenerant from anther culture. Each number has four replications, each replication contained 4 bottles, and each bottle has three plantlets. The statistical analysis used a simple statistical with average, the standard error and correlation. The observations was prepared by peeling leaf epidermis cell from young leaf. Chloroplasts was observed with a microscope at 40x magnification lens. The chromosomes counting was performed using a modified method of Winarto (2009) by staining the chromosomes from the root tip. The results showed, haploid plantlets were observed in 2015.1.1 plantlets from Longiflorum group with 26.67% while least number of haploid plantlets were found in 2015.S2.3 plantlets from Oriental group (11.11%). Hence, in Lililum sp. Anther culture method can produce haploid plantlets but the success rate was low. There were no correlation between the number of chloroplasts and chromosomes. Thus, further studies related to the ploidy level of lilies from anther culture and the evaluation of chromosomes number by using flowcytometer were needed to be done.

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Kloroplas; Kromosom; Lili longiflorum; lili Oriental; Lili Asiatik; Tingkat Ploidi;
Subjects: Production, Industrial Economics > Agriculture
Divisions: Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Program Studi Pertanian/Agroteknologi
Depositing User: rofita fita robi'in
Date Deposited: 18 Jan 2019 09:09
Last Modified: 18 Jan 2019 09:09
URI: https://etheses.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/18132

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